Escherichia coli-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance and Quorum Sensing in Bovine Mastitis: A Mini-Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/stem.vol7no1.3Keywords:
Bovine mastitis, Escherichia coli, Quorum sensing, Autoinducers and Antimicrobial resistanceAbstract
The dairy industry worldwide is facing great economic loss. One of the primary reasons is the inflammatory disease of the mammary gland of the cattle, more commonly known as bovine mastitis. A major causative agent for this disease among other implicated pathogens is Escherichia coli. It causes both clinical and subclinical mastitis in the dairy cattle. The pathogenesis of E. coli in the cattle occurs through quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms through the autoinducers signaling. The Autoinducer-1 (AI-1) pathway controls the main virulence factors of the bacteria that are biofilm formation, secretion of toxin and colonization of host tissue. The conventional management of bovine mastitis relies heavily on antibiotics, yet this practice has inadvertently driven the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in cattle milk highlights the zoonotic risk posed to consumers. This mini review seeks to provide an overview of E. coli quorum sensing mechanism in bovine mastitis and its growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
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